National Characteristics of Entrepreneur Behavior

Question: Discuss about the National Characteristics of Entrepreneur Behavior. Answer: Introduction In the modern global economy, the young generation is highly unemployed while other, lot lack the resources to start their own business. This has led to unproductivity in the economy of many countries such that the population that is economically producing is less than that which is consuming and not producing. For Australia the case seems to be different, the young generation seems to be dealing with the problem directly. This paper looks at the young entrepreneurs who have defied the odds and norms to start their enterprises. For the purpose of simplicity, the paper focuses of the LifeStyle.com.au, an online retail business that was founded back in 2012 by two young entrepreneurs. Max Fang together with Peter Xie founded the online business retail LifeStyle.com.au in October 2012. The retailer deals with furniture, lighting, kitchenware and rags. The business was launched to address the gap in online retail, particularly on good furniture by providing quality and branded furniture. The business has a membership of 260,000, leveraging simple marketing techniques as well as small business resources. The business generates over 2,500 0rders per month. A photo in the appendix shows Max Fang receiving the Australian Small Business Champion Awards 2014 in the first new business category, apart from this award, the business has also won the top 100 cool company awards and the BRW fast starters (Phillips Phillips, 2017). Discussion Max Fang is one of the founders of Lifestyle, who has previously worked as an online retailer for seven years. Max has also worked in the furniture industry for three years. The launch of lifestyle is, therefore, a logical step of combining the two fields of experience together. This shows that an entrepreneur ventures in areas which one has expertise. This is important in starting a business since it provides one with an opportunity to solve the problems and use existing networks to find a solution. The most contradicting thing with Max is the low-key social behavior that this entrepreneur exhibits. Max is surprisingly private in his life such that not much has been written about him concerning his life. Unlike most of the renowned successful entrepreneurs, who write books and journals about themselves this one is a humble one. The humble nature of Max can be attributed to the entrepreneurs common phrase that states, Nothing fails like success." Once Max starts boasting about his success through books and documentary that is when failure kicks in, so he deals with new challenges day by day. The great performance of the online retailer is as a result of proper planning of the business. As an entrepreneur, it is important to ensure that the business plan considers all the possible outcomes. In this case, Max and Peter developed the first plans of the business model and devised a schedule in July 2012. Another characteristic that one serves in max that is also observed in many other entrepreneurs is the effort and techniques in mobilizing the required resources to start the business. According to Max, their first employee was a buyer whom they hired in August 2012. Next, they hired a graphic designer who was tasked with the duty of developing the website. The online business launched its website in October 2012. Another trait exhibited by entrepreneurs is the trait of perseverance and consistency in business and customer service. In an interview with Power Retail, he explains that the value proposition of the online retail business has remained consistent from the beginning. The business provides customers with the largest range of products with highly competitive prices possible A good entrepreneur is always finding was to better position the business regarding competition and pricing, or this case Max Fang is always facing a constant challenge of keeping the prices competitive as well as reduces the cost of logistics. Proper negotiation skills exhibited by this entrepreneur have enabled him to structure a proper relation with the suppliers to be able to supply Australia wide (Phillips, Phillips, 2017). The target market is also another fundamental consideration that entrepreneurs have to set during their business planning. Lifestyle according to how Fang explains it, deals with the medium and high-end market that has enabled the business to attract top brands, which deliver expected standards. Networking and marketing contribute to the success of the business; Fang and his partner Peter have ensured that they use simple marketing strategies to make the consumers aware of their products. Some of the strategies include direct email and referrals from satisfied customers (Phillips, Phillips, 2017). Having a system that ensures that the internal controls are in place is a tool that aids the success of the business. The lifestyle company has been in the forefront to ensure that most of the functions are performed by softwares that process orders. The programs have been brought on board with the help of the in-house programmer of the company. The desire to progress in technology is made possible through the efforts of the entrepreneur t=wanting to know more about taking the business to the next step (Roberts, 2011). Max and his colleague Peter are focused on making their businesses grow. They do whatever is in their capacity to eliminate any obstacles or distractions to the survival of lifestyle online business goals. They have adopted various strategies and have outlined tactics to help accomplish the goals of the business. To be successful entrepreneurship, one has to be disciplined enough to be able to take a step every day, however, small to ensure that one works towards the set goals (Shin, 2013). A good and willing entrepreneur trust in his abilities he does not ask questions about whether he can succeed or whether they are worthy of success. They care less about other peoples opinion regarding their abilities. They are confident in themselves that they will make their businesses succeed. They show that confidence in everything they do. Regardless of the age and experience that Max has, he is confident enough to start the business and propel it to its success (Wadhwa et al., 2014). Entrepreneurs such as Max Fang realize that every event and situation that people see as a problem is a business opportunity. Entrepreneurs are constantly generating new Ideas are about workflows and efficiency, people skills as well as potential new businesses that can be merged to create a solution for a problem. Entrepreneurs possess the quality of analyzing their environment and aligning everything around them and focus it toward their goals (Yong, Wang, 2013). Entrepreneurs recognize that something needs to be done to counter a certain problem and that they are the motivated by oneself. This prompts them to organize and plan themselves by setting parameters that ensure that the project follows the desired path. They are proactive and do not wait for any anyone to give them permission (MacGregor, 2011). Many companies are formed based on the fact that an entrepreneur has realized that he can do a job better than another and that they need to win at the sports they play by shining at the business that they create. An entrepreneur will build an outstanding companys record of accomplishment by their own (Levine, 2012). Entrepreneurs are observed to have a quality of creativity that helps them see the possibility despite the logic behind the move. Creativity is the ability to make connections between seemingly unrelated events or situations. Entrepreneurs often find ways to come up with solutions, which are a synthesis of other items. Entrepreneurs repurpose products to market them to new industries aiming to solve a problem in that industry that has slight similarities for the original industry (Hines, 2014). Entrepreneurs are not put down by their defeats whenever they encounter a failure. They view defeat as an opportunity to start again wiser and stronger headed for success. They are propelled by the determination to see all of their ventures succeed. This makes the entrepreneur try several times until the business succeeds. They have the mentality that everything is possible and that it can be done (Grimm, 2011). The entrepreneur has mastered the quality of strong communication skills to sell the product and keep the employees motivated. Successful entrepreneurs acknowledge that the success of a business is directly related to the success of the employees as well as the sales. For this reason, entrepreneurs have mastered strong communication skills to be able to motivate the employees. They are good at emphasizing the benefits of any situation as well as coaching others to their success ("Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice," 2017). Successful entrepreneurs will always the first person to arrive at the office and the last one to leave. They even come during off days to ensure that everything is in order and the outcomes have met their expectations. Their mind is continuously in their work, whether they at work or on their off days (Boutillier, Uzunidis, 2017). Passion is the most important character of the successful entrepreneur. They genuinely love whatever they are doing. They are willing to put in those extra hours and effort ensure the business succeeds because there is a joy they derive from the success of the business that goes beyond the money. The successful entrepreneur never stops learning once school is over he will always be reading and researching ways to make the business better that is why most of the entrepreneurs own a library of books. The successful entrepreneurs will want to see the view at the top of nay Business Mountain that he sets to climb. Once they spot it, they want to go beyond that level. They know how to motivate the employees, and make their businesses soar as a result (Be A Great Entrepreneur, 2010). Conclusion The individual I have analyzed in this paper has a lot in common with many of the entrepreneurs, especially young entrepreneurs. This, therefore, leads to the conclusion that to be an entrepreneur one ought to possess various traits to be successful. Most of the common traits include communication skills, confidence, discipline, and passion. Max Fang together with his colleague and the business task force has taken the business to greater heights, to such a point that the Australian market has rewarded their efforts. The analysis also shows that the bigger business does not exist in the physical form but rather as an abstract form in the mind of the entrepreneur. The entire progress of the entrepreneurial thinking of Fang and his colleague is what has guided the business to where it is to date. Therefore in most of the countries where the youth are complaining, that the economy is rogue. They ought to emulate the efforts portrayed by Max Fang. The case of Max Fang shows that age is n ot a limitation to entrepreneurship and wealth is not limited to a certain age. References 10 Qualities of a Successful Entrepreneur. (2017).Under30CEO. Retrieved 22 March 2017, from https://under30ceo.com/10-qualities-of-a-successful-entrepreneur/ About Us | LivingStyles. (2017).Livingstyles.com.au. Retrieved 22 March 2017, from https://www.livingstyles.com.au/tbcart/pc/about.asp Ao, J., Yin, M. (2014). Impacts of Entrepreneur Traits on Proactive Behaviors Strategy.Applied Mechanics And Materials,687-691, 4616-4621. https://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.4616 Be A Great Entrepreneur. (2010) (1st ed.). Boutillier, S., Uzunidis, D. (2017).Entrepreneur(1st ed.). London, UK: ISTE, Ltd. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice. (2017).Ucl.ac.uk. Retrieved 22 March 2017, from https://www.ucl.ac.uk/prospective-students/study-abroad-ucl/summer-school/modules/entrepreneurship-theory-practice Grimm, H. (2011). Entrepreneur Social Entrepreneur Policy Entrepreneur.Zeitschrift Fr Politikberatung,3(3-4), 441-456. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12392-011-0266-z Hines, J. (2014). Characteristics of an entrepreneur.Surgical Neurology,61(4), 407-408. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surneu.2003.05.004 Levine, A. (2012). Finding Balance: The Professor/Entrepreneur.Science. https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.opms.r1200122 MacGregor, L. (2011).Choosing a career as an entrepreneur(1st ed.). New York, NY: Rosen Pub. Group. Phillips, C., Phillips, C. (2017).Case Profile: Furniture Startup LivingStyles.com.au.Power Retail. Retrieved 22 March 2017, from https://www.powerretail.com.au/case-profiles-studies/livingstyles-furniture-startup-interview/ Roberts, M. (2011).New business ventures and the entrepreneur(1st ed.). Boston, Mass: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Shin, J. (2013). Modernity and the Entrepreneur: An Analysis of an Economic Actors Foundation in Schumpeters Idea of an Entrepreneur.Society And Theory,22, 351. https://dx.doi.org/10.17209/st.2013.05.22.351 Unleash the entrepreneur within: How to make everyone an entrepreneur and stay efficient. (2016).Long Range Planning,29(6), 911-912. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0024-6301(96)90337-4 Wadhwa, V., Aggarwal, R., Holly, K., Salkever, A. (2014). Making of A Successful Entrepreneur: Anatomy of an Entrepreneur Part II.SSRN Electronic Journal. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1507384 YONG, S., WANG, J. (2013). A Theory on the National Characteristics of Entrepreneur Behavior.Advances In Psychological Science,20(11), 1735-1748. https://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1042.2012.01735

Scientific Method Essay Sample

Scientific Method Essay SampleA Scientific Method essay sample may sound like too good to be true, but you might want to give it a try. Science based topics do not lend themselves to easy writing unless you have taken some guidance classes in college. The best way to learn how to write an essay on science is to take the time to read as many science-based articles as possible and use them as a reference when you are trying to figure out what is required for a good science essay.If you find yourself stuck when trying to figure out the best way to approach a topic that is more complex than just 'tinkering with chemistry' you should look at a Scientific Method essay sample. One of the biggest challenges to writing an essay on science is that it can be quite complicated and the science is a very deep subject. You will need to be very accurate and to do this you will need to know about the scientific method. The scientific method is a system that was created in the 1930's by the Nobel priz e winning scientist Francis Crick.The Scientific Method is the method used to test the world around us and determine if there is any evidence that a phenomenon exists. With this method you are able to take a hypothesis and experimentally test it to see if it actually exists or not.The scientific method is fairly easy to understand and it is a way to tell if a hypothesis is true or false. Many times science based subjects require multiple experiments and testing to be successful.After you have a hypothesis, you will have to write an outline of your work so that you have everything in one spot. This can be a little difficult to do but as long as you keep track of what you have already done you will be able to get through it easily.Once you have your outline, you will then need to write short paragraphs that describe your hypothesis. Keep your paragraphs brief and to the point. You will need to present all of your data as clearly as possible without doing so.Some things that make the s cientific method even more effective is its ability to allow for revisions as the proof is generated. This is because as you are making changes to your hypothesis you will be able to go back and add more data if needed. This can make a big difference in your writing.The scientific method is great to have when writing science based essays. It can really be helpful when you do find yourself confused about something or confused about what to write about. Just remember to think clearly and write clearly and try not to be a plain writer; instead express the content as you would if you were talking to someone face to face.

Reading Questions free essay sample

He decides that it is a â€Å"false memory† and that they did not matter as long as one knew what the memories stood for; he proceeds to smile at the portrait of Big Brother and his legs convulse as the announcement is made that Oceania won the war. Short Answer Questions for Entire Novel 1. During Winstons stay in the Ministry of Love, OBrien asks Winston, How does one man exert his power over another to which Winston replies, By making him suffer. Explain how The Party is able to maintain control and power over its citizens (proles and party members alike) by making them suffer. Cite examples from the text to support your answer. There are several instances in which The Party makes the citizens suffer; for instance, in part three, Winston’s elbow is smashed as O’Brien identifies himself as a member of the Ministry of Love. We will write a custom essay sample on Reading Questions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is at this very moment when Winston comes up with the hypothesis that no one can be a hero if they are physically tortured. There is also the example of the party members doing exercises like toe touches (Winston particularly has trouble actually executing the exercises). In a way, this results in the party members having to be even more obedient (since the telescreen watches everything). The telescreen is what controls everything; if you even think of revolting against The Party, you will be terminated; and not a word would be said about it, yet it intimidated the rest of the population (proles and party members alike) because they wanted to avoid being vanished.

Augusto Boal essays

Augusto Boal essays In the 1992 council elections in Rio de Janeiro a first time candidate with the Workers Party succeeded in being elected. His name was Augusto Boal, a theatre practitioner dedicated to empowering societys oppressed, and his selection marked the beginning of an experiment to fuse theatre and politics in a way that was previously unexplored. Boal is most famous for his book, Theatre of the Oppressed, in which he outlines his belief that conventional theatre reinforces the political ideologies which have created a society of extremes, in which the rich get richer and the poor poorer. His election, therefore, was a chance to make theatre as politics instead of simply making political theatre and provided the opportunity for the people of Rio de Janeiro to directly affect the legislative process. However, some detractors have suggested that this latest development directly contradicts the philosophical, political and theatrical theories that Boal professes as fundamental to his work. T hey claim that his initial mantra that theatre is a rehearsal for revolution has been replaced by a process of acceptance, of making-do in a corrupt and unequal political system. As Ben Kershaw, in his review of Legislative Theatre, states the practices of Legislative Theatre may even be seen by some as a capitulation to the very forces of oppression that the theatre of the oppressed originally hoped to vanquish. Fundamental to any analysis of Legislative Theatre is an understanding of the political and philosophical ideologies that underpin Boals work. As he outlines in the foreword to Theatre of the Oppressed all theatre is necessarily political and thus all theatrical audiences must be politically engaged. He delineates how initially theatre was entirely of the people; it was synonymous with the carnival and the festival, with singing and dancing on the street....

Doc. emendation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Doc. emendation - Essay Example The research studies have not adequately determined the actual figures of deaths resulting from HAIs, although all indications point to the fact that the numbers have risen high. However, existing literature points to the fact that hand hygiene plays a vital role in preventing HAIs. This project applies the quasi-experimental research design, which applies control and experimental groups to gather and analyze relevant data. The data will be collected through quantitative approaches for further analysis to assess the effectiveness of hand hygiene programs in reducing HAIs. Hospital Acquired infections (HAIs) present a serious challenge in provision of healthcare services to patients in hospital settings. Studies you cite only one study indicate that about 80 percent of patients who contract HAIs often succumb to the diseases and die while receiving treatment in the hospital (Ivers, et al. 2012). The numbers of patients and HAIs have continuously risen; hence, it has been increasingly difficult to identify the actual population of patients suffering from HAIs (Monnet, 2012). Nevertheless, existing literature has produced a great deal of evidence indicating that hand hygiene practices among providers reduces HAIs. However, compliance rates to hand hygiene practices such as hand washing and gelling remain low, which makes it difficult to prevent HAIs. Specifically, healthcare related infections have been on the increase in the recent years, prompting serious investigations as to whether healthcare facilities were taking hand hygiene seriously. Global sta tistics indicate that the rate of hospital-acquired infections revolves around 25 percent, while also increasing costs involved in treating and managing HAIs in healthcare facilities (Kim &Kollak, 2006). However, substantive epidemiologic evidence supports the fact that hand hygiene helps to reduce the instances

Difference between Chinas economic management style and the Western Essay

Difference between Chinas economic management style and the Western style - Essay Example 1). The transition from a planned economy to a market economy has been particularly smooth with significant opportunities for entrepreneurship and expansion both at home and abroad (Long & Han, 2008, p. 52). The market-oriented economy is vastly similar to Western economies, yet China’s economic management style differs because of the remnants of the post-Maoist market socialism (Krau, 1996, p. 96). In the meantime, the Chinese government maintains strong control (Krua, 1996, p. 96). The purpose of this research study is to determine the extent to which this mixture of capitalism and socialism in China’s economy differs from the economic management style of the West. It will be demonstrated that what makes China’s economic management style unique and different from the West is the remnants of past socialist influences, persistent government control and the adoption of a market-oriented economy. From the outset, it is worth noting that the most obvious difference between China’s economic management style and that of Western countries is China’s persistent adherence to five year economic plans regardless of leadership changes. The first five year plan from 1953-1957 was influenced by the Soviet Marist style Communism and emphasized industrial growth. At the time, the ideal economic plan for Communism was to develop industry and the economy via â€Å"heavy industry, fuels, electric power, iron, and steel, machinery manufacturing, and chemicals†.... In China, during the first Five Year Economic Plan, the government owned 75% of all of China’s production and private enterprises owned the remaining 25%. During the first Five Year Plan, China was determined to further erode the percentage of private ownership. Rather than immediately turn these private ventures into state properties, the government decided to first form partnerships between private firms and state-owned firms (Galloway, 2011). As China moved forward in the 20th century, it looked for a â€Å"cultural formula† that would help it embrace modernity (Lu, 2004, p. 201). China was struggling with what is often referred to as a â€Å"cultural revolution† in which much of the blame for China’s â€Å"backwardness† was placed on â€Å"Confucianism, the foundation of traditional Chinese culture† (Lu, 2004, p. 201). There were scholars advocating for more â€Å"Western democratic† ideology (Lu, 2004, p. 201). These scholars†™ arguments would find currency in Mao’s belief that in order to embrace a proletarian culture that focused on the masses and not the elite, the old culture had to be left behind (Lu, 2004, p. 201). In the meantime, adherents to China’s traditional culture were entirely resistant to abandoning old values and norms. As Lu (2004) notes: China has been wrestling with the dilemma of modernity versus traditionality and Westernization versus national identity. Given that China now embodies a seemingly contradictory combination of authoritarian government and market economy, the path to culture reconstruction seems even more uncertain and unsettling (p. 201). Mao’s concept of a looking after the masses included state-owned enterprises and a centrally planned market. According to Kshetri (2009), under Mao’s centralized market plan,

Personal Theory Paper Essay Example for Free

Personal Theory Paper Essay Abstract This paper is the development of my personal theory on Christian Counseling. I use many scriptural references to support my beliefs and stress the importance of gaining wisdom and knowledge from the bible. It incorporates all of the presentations, readings, and critiques I did at Liberty University’s Theology and Spirituality in counseling course. I talk about how I integrate Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality into my Christian counseling and believe that they all have a lot to offer the Christian counselor. The role of integration and multitasking is necessary to be an effective Christian counselor under the guidelines of the American Association of Christian Counselors. The methods and skills of a beneficial Christian counselor is to recognize their limits and boundaries, continue education, fellowship, and present themselves in a Christ-like manner. Introduction This paper takes a look at numerous Christian authors and how their theories of counseling have influenced and helped me develop my own theory of counseling. Through multitasking any counselor can view a situation through many different perspectives. It is not one method that will bring about healing in a person, but an integration of numerous methods and theories. A close look at understanding human personality, where problems are developed, how to source problems and structure effective intervention, and looking at how my worldview influences my theory, outlines in detail the construction of my comprehensive counseling theory. What is Important for Understanding Human Personality? Personality As a counselor it is important to understand the development of a client’s personality and Dr. Hawkins (2006) presents a model of human personality through his concentric circles. God is in the center, then the Soul, Body, Temporal Systems, and on the outside Supernatural. When one system is not functioning properly other systems begin to be affected. Everyone was created in the image and likeness of God (Genesis 1:27). Christians are to strive to become Christ-like and this does not happen without discipline. Motivation The theories of Adam’s (1986) are based on 2 Timothy 3:16-17 which says, â€Å"All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness, so that the man of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.† Adam’s counseling relies on the Holy Spirit to convict the person to want to change after hearing the truth of the Word of God. He discredits psychology and believes that God is the only one needed to motivate a person to change. This is one of the more extreme theories and is correct in that God needs to be the main source one taps into. God, throughout the bible, used many different ways to motivate His people to change. One way was through a donkey that spoke to Balaam after he struck him three times for not moving (Numbers 22). â€Å"The angel of the LORD asked him, Why have you beaten your donkey these three times? I have come here to oppose you because your path is a reckless one before me. (Numbers 22:32 New International Version). There are many ways that God will use to motivate change. Dr. Wilson (2001), Backus, and Chapian (2000) take a different approach with one’s past hurts and his or her interpretation of them being what motivates them. When one is hurt by others they are more likely to continue the cycle of hurt. Romans 12:17 says, â€Å"Do not repay anyone evil for evil. Be careful to do what is right in the eyes of everyone (NIV).† Wilson did not want the person to minimize the wrong that has been done to them, but give it over to God and allow God to heal their wounds. Backus and Chapian feel that if one can change his or her thinking then they can change his or her future behaviors. They all agree that one’s past can either hinder them or push them forward to being motivated to change. Crabb (1986) believes growth and change are an ever changing process for both the counselor and the counselee. He feels that one is suffering from â€Å"unreachable goals, external circumstances and fear of failure† (p.  76). He takes the approach that the church can develop programs that can help those who want to change. The three general levels of counseling that Crabb presents are â€Å"Level I-Counseling By Encouragement, Level II- Counseling By Exhortation and Level III-Counseling By Enlightenment† (p. 190). The person acting as the counselor needs to build a relationship with the person for any level of his methods to really be effective. The relationship helps one to be motivated to open up and want to change. The process and ways to counsel are always changing. Knowing different theories, how to use them, and when to use them is what makes an effective counselor. Human Development Human development is an ongoing process of not just, Hawkins concentric circle known as, the body, but the soul. His Temporal Systems circle that includes family, friends, church, society, government, economy, and education are what help shape and develop these areas of one’s life. During this process of human development painful things happen and if not dealt with can cause damaging results later. The title of Wilson’s book, Hurt People Hurt People, is a perfect description of what can happen. Wilson, knowing change is not easy, said it best when she said, â€Å"We must enter the change process with open eyes. When we do, we’ll see that the necessary truth requires tears, time and even some terror† (p. 96). God reminds us in Philippians 4:13 that we â€Å"can do everything through Him who gives me strength.† The process of human development is not an easy or painless one, but in the end we become more like Christ, which is the ultimate goal. Individual Development The counseling process is not about one method working for every person, but each person being an individual with specific plans for change. This is why it is important to find out the clients culture, beliefs, and lifestyle experiences that have shaped them to this point. Western culture emphasizes individuality and coming into one’s own person, but not all cultures encourage this. This is why it is important to allow the client to be the educator during the assessment process. When forming a specific strategy for transformation counselors integrate his or her education and the knowledge they gained from the individual client, which then generates a platform for  discipline. One of these disciplines is learning boundaries, according to Cloud and Townsend (1999). Hebrews 12:11 says, â€Å"No discipline seems pleasant at the time, but painful. Later on, however, it produces a harvest of righteousness and peace for those who have been trained by it.† This is why Cloud and Townsend go on to say, â€Å"The painful discipline of boundaries will eventually bear good results in our lives† (p. 203). One does not change and become a whole individual overnight, but with hard work, discipline, and willingness to go through the process it can eventually happen. Where Problems are Developed Conceptualizing Health and Wellness A person needs to look past the â€Å"why† and focus on the healing. God understands that unpleasant things happen, but does not want one to dwell on the evil, because it can create even additional sickness. In creating complete physical and spiritual wholeness scripture, positive fellowship, and prayer are vital. Anderson (2006) recognizes how the different Temporal Systems, Hawkins presented, can negatively impact a person’s behavior. This then can manifest destructively into our physical bodies. One again overcomes this by binding it in the supernatural and allowing God to heal them from the inside out. God says, â€Å"He heals the brokenhearted and binds up their wounds† (Psalms 147:3). The person needs to surround themselves with positive people who will uplift and encourage them. The different Temporal Systems can either affect one negatively or positively and some of that responsibility is on the person. Hart (2001) discusses some practical things that can be done to gain physical and spiritual wholeness. These things included, but were not limited to, sleep, healthy eating, exercise, and sometimes medication. Sleep and rest are one of the easiest and cheapest of the methods and also the one that is always put aside as unimportant. There are some cultures that set aside specific times in the day to rest, for different reasons. Christians need to learn from these cultures and also take heed to God when he said in Exodus 23:12, â€Å"Six days do your work, but on the seventh day do not work.† This scripture is not meant to be taken to the extreme, but to be understood that â€Å"The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath† (Mark 2:27). God wants us to understand the importance and power of rest in relationship to wellbeing. Psychological and Spiritual Illness There are times in life when one will experience spiritual brokenness and need to seek God and counsel for wholeness. The stories in the bible are not just for historical reasons, but to give us examples on how to live our lives. David was a man who endured many hardships and attacks, but he relied on God to be his protector and restorer. David at one point in his life went away to the Cave of Adullam, which means refuge. Sometimes the counseling setting is the place of refuge for the client and the counselor needs to allow God to guide and direct them in the healing process. David said a prayer to God, while in the cave, which began with vocalizing his anguish, but ends with: I cry to you, Lord; I say, â€Å"You are my refuge, my portion in the land of the living.† Listen to my cry, for I am in desperate need; rescue me from those who pursue me, for they are too strong for me. Set me free from my prison, that I may praise your name. Then the righteous will gather about me because of your goodness to me (Psalms 142:5-7). Counselors need to guide the counselee to a place of desperation and realization that there is freedom in Christ. There are many reasons for a client to be psychologically unhealthy and a counselor needs to do a thorough evaluation to measure the severity of it. This will benefit not only the client, but the counselor when deciding a treatment plan. There are some psychological and mental illnesses that a counselor is not equipped to handle and a referral to a psychiatrist might be needed. Anderson feels that most mental disorders are from the enemy and not due to chemical changes or neurological disorders. This way of thinking can be very dangerous for the client and the counselor. It does not matter where the psychological anguish comes from, but how to treat it. A counselor always wants to be competent in the treatment of psychological and spiritual illnesses or refer there client to another. Hart believes that anxiety is one of the leading psychological illnesses facing Americans today and counselors need to learn the different methods for treating it. He presents many different methods that could work for not only Christians, but for anyone struggling with anxiety. His advice, for how  to maintain a healthier body and soul, is practical and very relevant. The counselor needs to take the time to understand what each client is dealing with spiritually and psychologically. They need to have knowledge of many different theories and treatment methods for both and how to implement them. The client needs to determine if they want to incorporate God in their healing process. Once this is established the counselor can then work with the client on a treatment plan for healing. Role of Integration and Multitasking As a Christian counselor one needs to learn the skill of integrating psychological, theological and spiritual counseling methods into the counseling process. Crabb presents four ways Christian counselors integrate psychology, theology, and the bible into the counseling process. Separate but Equal (keeping them completely separate), Tossed Salad (blending of them all with no sifting of Psychology and theology), and Nothing Buttery (disregarding Psychology altogether), and a Spoiling the Egyptians approach (integrating them all into one’s counseling) are the four methods he presents. A Christian counselor is accountable to God and needs to rely on Him to show them how to integrate different methods of psychology and theology to the counseling process. The scriptures say it best in Titus 2:7-8, â€Å"In everything set them an example by doing what is good. In your teaching show integrity, seriousness and soundness of speech that cannot be condemned, so that those who oppose you may be ashamed because they have nothing bad to say about us.† Multitasking is the main component in discerning and recognizing the real needs of the client and is to be taken seriously. How to Source Problems and Structure Effective Intervention Key Elements of my Comprehensive Theory As a Christian counselor it is my job to educate myself on the numerous theories being used today and what I want to use in my own counseling practice. I do not agree with any one theory presented by the numerous authors, but gleaned from each one. I believe, like Crabb and Hawkins, that the problem at the surface is not necessarily the main issue that needs dealing with. I want to get to the root of issues and lead the client to complete wholeness and freedom. Galatians 5:1 says, â€Å"It is for freedom that  Christ has set us free. Stand firm, then, and do not let yourselves be burdened again by a yoke of slavery.† Anderson talks about how one allows the enemy power in their lives and does not realize what little power he has. I recognize that educating Christians on the power of Christ and the authority they have over the enemy will empower them in the healing process. Adams methods are based on 2 Timothy 3:16-17 which says, â€Å"all scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness, so that the man of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.† I agree with him and this scripture verse, but I do not shut out psychology altogether like he does. Scriptures, like Isaiah 58: 6-11, have been an inspiration in my own personal healing. Isaiah 58:11 says, â€Å"The Lord will guide you always; he will satisfy your needs in a sun-scorched land and will strengthen your frame. You will be like a well-watered garden, like a spring whose waters never fail.† I know the power of knowing the scripture and implementing it in my life. This is why as a Christian counselor the use of scripture would be necessary in any healing process I choose for the client. I as a counselor want to be guided by the Lord and use whatever method he reveals to me to bring others healing in their lives. It is important to me, as a Christian counselor, to find a balance in the use of scripture, numerous theories, and psychology. Process and Techniques The counseling process is guided by many codes of ethics mainly set up by the American Counseling Association (ACA, 2012) and American Association of Christian Counselors (AACC, 2012). I personally am guided by the scripture, â€Å"brothers and sisters, whatever is true, whatever is noble, whatever is right, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is admirable—if anything is excellent or praiseworthy—think about such things† (Philippians 4:8). The way one counsels will not be effective if the counselor is not acting in a moral and ethical way. Cloud and Townsend talk about the use of boundaries in all aspect of life. This is not just for the client to learn, but the counselor in relation to the counseling process. As a Christian counselor I do not want to turn anyone away and therefore need to know how to integrate many different techniques. Scripture is not just for the believer, but has many moral principles that can be used for anyone seeking  help. Jesus taught in parables, so that anyone could understand Him. I want implement techniques specific to each client in a way they will understand. Demonstration of Effectiveness I am a firm believer that to be an effective counselor I need to have allowed God to work in my life first. Mathew 7:3 says, Why do you look at the speck of sawdust in your brothers eye and pay no attention to the plank in your own eye?† This scripture is talking about not judging others, but the principle can be used for the counselor as well. How can one counsel on healing and freedom, when they themselves are not free? The counselor also needs to educate him or herself on various methods of treatment to be able to create specific and effective treatment plans for the client. It is important to be flexible in the process and allow room for the Holy Spirit to guide the sessions. Every client is unique and not one method will work for each situation. Hawkins’s concentric circles theory allows the counselor to listen to the client and learn from them. Counselor takes more time to listen to the client and find out what affects the person in each circle and what is important. This method of counseling allows for the counselor to be educated and for a more specific treatment plan to be developed. How my Worldview influences my Theory View of Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality I personally feel that psychology, theology, and spirituality all have a place in the counseling process. God is my guide and the one whom I filter everything through. I will not practice those theories that discredit the bible or go against biblical principles. Christian counselors need to study the scriptures and have a solid foundation to filter different theories through. Mathew 6:33 says, â€Å"Seek first His kingdom and His righteousness, and all these things will be given to you as well.† When I seek God He will in turn give me wisdom as I learn about different methods and theories. Approach to Integration The mind obtains knowledge, but the heart and soul produce wisdom. An  effective counselor does not just seek knowledge, but wisdom. Counseling is a calling that in turn requires great responsibility, â€Å"We have wronged no one, we have corrupted no one, we have exploited no one† (2 Corinthians 7:2). I have an ethical and moral responsibility to my clients and can only maintain this with the help of Christ. Conclusion Through the different readings in this course and the knowledge obtained thus far, I was able to develop a foundation for my theories about the counseling process. I recognize the importance of knowing the bible and seeking God for wisdom on filtering different theories that are presented to me. There are many types of sicknesses spiritual, physical, and psychological and I now have more effective ways to handle each one. I will continue to develop this theory as I gain more knowledge and wisdom in this counseling program at Liberty University and during my many years of as counselor.